Tesi di Dottorato
Permanent URI for this communityTesi di Dottorato
Browse
72 results
Search Results
Item Applicazione dei big data nel turismo, marketing ed education(Università della Calabria, 2020-03-18) Giglio, Simona; Critelli, Salvatore; Pantano, PietroIl mondo è attualmente inondato da dati e l’avanzare delle tecnologie digitali amplifica questo fenomeno in modo esponenziale. Tale fenomeno viene etichettato con il concetto di Big Data ovvero le tracce digitali che le nostre attività quotidiane lasciano per effetto dell’uso massiccio dei sistemi ICT (Information Communication Technologies). I Big Data sono diventati il nuovo microscopio che rende “misurabile” la società. Per tali ragioni, la ricerca è incentrata sull’analisi dei Big data, estratti dai social media, da indagini online, da piattaforme di recensioni e da database, attraverso l’applicazione di tecniche e strumenti sviluppati nell’ambito dell’Intelligenza Artificiale. Algoritmi di machine learning, analisi semantica ed analisi statistica sono stati utilizzati per estrarre, dai Big Data, informazione sotto forma di “conoscenza” e “valore”, dimostrando come dati di grandi dimensioni possano fungere da ricca fonte di informazione, da un lato, per comprendere il comportamento dell’utente, parte integrante di una società complessa (conoscenza), e dall’altro, per sostenere i processi decisionali e i servizi forniti agli utenti/consumatori (valore). Il lavoro si caratterizza per un approccio multidisciplinare tra settori differenti quali le scienze sociali, le scienze statistiche e l’informatica. Questo ha permesso di fondare la ricerca sui Big Data nella teoria, e fornire un efficace recupero e analisi dei dati nella pratica. Le tecniche di machine learning sono state applicate per (i) il riconoscimento delle immagini, (ii) per la creazione di cluster, (iii) per l’analisi del testo (sentiment analysis) e (iv) per la profilazione di classi di utenti. Per il riconoscimento delle immagini l’approccio ha richiamato le reti neurali artificiali (deep artificial neural networks), algoritmi e sistemi computazionali ispirati al cervello umano utilizzando le potenzialità del programma Wolfram Mathematica e la disponibilità di dati estratti da social network quali Flickr, Twitter, Instagram ed altre piattaforme come TripAdvisor. Gli strumenti utilizzati nella ricerca hanno permesso di indagare e di rilevare in modo oggettivo dall’analisi di immagini e di testi condivisi sul web, alcuni comportamenti cognitivi degli utenti/consumatori alla base delle loro scelte nonché l’attrattività di una destinazione turistica e la qualità dell’esperienza dell’utente. Lo studio del significato delle parole nel testo ha aperto la strada al web semantico che permette ad un utente di acquisire informazioni approfondite durante una ricerca attraverso un sistema formato da una rete di relazioni e connessioni tra documenti. Partendo dalle ricerche di Ogden e Richards sullo studio del significato e di Jakobson che studiò i processi comunicativi, si è cercato di strutturare e sistematizzare un processo che riflette un atto comunicativo ed informativo tale che un simbolo (immagine) attraverso l’applicazione di un significante (machine learning che si sostituisce al processo mentale proprio dell’uomo) permettesse l’esplicitazione di un referente (oggetto\etichetta) che opportunatamente porta alla trasmissione di un messaggio sotto forma di conoscenza. Il tutto coordinato da un sistema in grado di coniugare fattori differenti in un’ottica interdisciplinare dove l’analisi dei dati combacia perfettamente con la linguistica. Attingendo da studi precedenti, i risultati raggiunti dimostrano che gli algoritmi di analisi dei Big Data quali l’apprendimento automatico contribuiscono da un lato alla comprensione sull’esperienza dell’utente verso un luogo, una destinazione; d’altra parte, la loro analisi fornisce una conoscenza sistematica delle valutazioni dei consumatori su un determinato prodotto o servizio e verso lo sviluppo di una sorta di “intelligenza sociale”. Inoltre i risultati della ricerca propongono come, un approccio più sofisticato al monitoraggio dei social media nel contesto turistico e nel marketing, nonché nel settore dell’education, possa contribuire a migliorare le decisioni strategiche e le politiche operative degli stakeholder nonché ad avere una visione psicologica sugli atteggiamenti e sul comportamento di un ampio spettro di utenti.Item <> costruzione di possibili profili di sostenibilità applicati a scala di quartiere.(2013-11-29) Manfredi, Emilia; Pantano, Pietro; Rossi, FrancescoItem Nano materials and innovative laser-based accelerators for cultural heritage(2017-07-12) Veltri, Simona; Pantano, Pietro; Bonanno, Assunta; Antici, PatrizioUniversità della Calabria, Dipartimento di FisicaItem Modellazione di linguaggi naturali e artificiali attraverso la scienza delle reti(2012-12-17) Bertacchini, Francesca; Bilotta, Eleonora; Pantano, PietroItem <> comunicazione scientifica nell'arte tra realtà e realtà aumentata(2014-06-05) Rinaudo, Daniela; Pantano, PietroItem <> genesi del circuito di Chua: uso del computer animation per divulgare la teoria del caos(2014-01-31) Laria, Giuseppe; Pantano, PietroItem Experimental and theoretical study of polyhedral carbon Nano-Onions(2018-02-23) Basantes Valverde, Marlon Danilo; Pantano, Pietro; Caputi, Lorenzo; De Luca, GiorgioCarbon nano-onions (CNOs), in their spherical or polyhedral forms, represent an important class of nanomaterials due to their peculiar physical and electrochemical properties. Among the different methods of production, arc discharge between graphite electrodes sustained by deionized water is one of the most promising to obtain good quality CNOs. The arc discharge method is applied to optimize the production of CNOs, and the synthesized nanomaterials by TEM was studied. An innovative experimental arrangement is used to obtain CNOs dispersed in water together with other carbon nanomaterials, and a black hard cathodic deposit. A simple mechanical grinding of the deposit it allowed to obtain turbostratic polyhedral CNOs with different aspect ratios, which exhibited higher stability towards burning in air, compared to CNOs found in water. A mechanism for the formation of the CNOs contained in the deposit, different from the generally accepted mechanism responsible for the synthesis of CNOs dispersed in water, is hypothesized. These spherical or polyhedral multi-shell fullerenes are widely studied owing to their interesting electronic and mechanical proprieties; nevertheless, comparative studies on these nanoparticles remain scarce. Herein, some key electronic proprieties of single and double walled icosahedral fullerenes as function of their sizes were calculated in the frame of the Density Functional Theory. In particular, structures of icosahedral polyhedral fullerenes, previously validated, were used to get the gap between the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital levels (H-L gap), electron affinity, first ionization potential, electronegativity as well as the Density of the electronic States. This work shows that the H-L gap of the single-wall fullerenes decreases as the nanoparticles size increases, whereas an opposite trend was obtained for the double walled fullerenes. Going from single to double wall nanoparticles; a systematic and marked decrease of the H-L gap was found although, this difference reduces increasing the size of the double walled up obtaining an inversion. The DOS structures of SW nanoparticles changes radically adding a second shell, and the extent of these changes depends on the sizes of the analyzed fullerenesItem Gene expression as a digital communication system(2018-02-02) Cevallos Vilacrés, Yesenia Elizabeth; Pantano, Pietro; Marano, SalvatoreThis PhD thesis extends upon the information theories of digital communication systems to analyse biological communications (nanocommunications) in order to accurately model biological communication as digital communication by providing an essential analysis of the analogies between both systems. As such, this work analysed gene expression from two perspectives: digital communication systems as a general perspective and internetwork systems as a specific perspective (keeping in mind that digital communication networks are a subarea of digital communication systems). First, this work presents a novel layered network model that represents gene expression and the role of the Golgi apparatus as an internetwork router to transmit proteins to a target organ. Second, supported by the aforementioned layered network model, this work presents a digital communication system end-to-end model that represents gene expression with regard to the production of proteinaceous hormones in the endocrine system by using Shannon’s theorem. In addition, each molecular process encoding biological information, from the transcription and translation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to hormone signalling, is represented by a layered network model. These models apply the general advantages of digital internetworks and systems (i.e., performance and efficiency) to the transmission of biological information in gene expression systems. The proposed models and analysis define the duality between digital and biological communication systems, and the results herein can be used to overcome the disadvantages of both systems. One of the most important applications of the current study is the potential use of the characteristics of both communication systems in the nano/bio-hybrid medical field (i.e., for the treatment of diseases such as cancer). Hence, the analysis presented in this study may prevent side effects by specifically enhancing the transmission of information to a suitable destination (i.e., to specific target organs), thereby facilitating the development of optimal and less expensive treatments.Item Aspetti genetici dell'evoluzione linguistica nelle popolazioni umane: un'analisi comparativa e interdisciplinare(2017-07-12) Vigna, Mara; Pantano, Pietro; Passarino, Giuseppe; Dato, SerenaItem Innovative UV-LED polymerised bicontinuous microemulsion coating for membranes with special emphasis on MBRs(2017-07-11) Schmidt, Slefan-André; Pantano, Pietro; Curcio, Efrem; Gabriele, Bartolo; Figoli, AlbertoThe main objective of this work is the preparation of polymerisable bicontinuous microemulsion (PBM) coatings applied onto commercial membranes for improving the anti-fouling properties and performance, in terms of water flux and foulants rejection. Microstructured and nanostructured materials obtained by PBM have been widely investigated in the course of the last 30 years. The interest in microemulsion lies mainly in the possibility of dissolving larger amounts of oil and water by using polymerisable and non-polymerisable surfactants. By polymerising the bicontinuous microemulsion it is possible to produce transparent porous polymeric solids [Gan et al. (1995), Gan and Chew (1997)]. This thesis represents the follow-up of the work done by Galiano et al. (2015) and Deowan et al. (2016). Galiano et al. (2015) developed the PBM composition that based on a non-polymerisable surfactant (DTAB) and another polymerisable surfactant (AUTEAB). In their work the PBM was polymerised by redox initiators leading to a process that is very difficult to up-scale for a commercial application. Critical issues were, the polymerisation time (at least 20 minutes), and the reproducibility of the coating. Therefore, it is the aim of this work to develop another polymerisation technique that increases the polymerisation speed and allows the easy reproduction of membranes with defined properties. The polymerisation by photoinitiators excited by UV-light represents a promising possibility for this requirement as it has the potential of decreasing the polymerisation time down to a few seconds. Several photoinitiators were selected for their compatibility with the PBM, and studied for their conversion rate efficiency (section 5.1.5). As there is a wide range of potential UV-light sources available, several technologies are studied for their coating performance (section 5.1.3). Subsequent to that, experiments were done in order to define the ideal photoinitiator type and concentration while polymerising onto glass plates. The coating onto commercial membranes is studied deeply for e.g. different casting knife thickness or ambient temperature (section 5.2.2 As the polymerisation under inert conditions is expected to increase the polymerisation speed, experiments are done, both under inert and non-inert conditions. The final membrane, coated under the optimum conditions, is further characterised for their permeability under different conditions like transmembrane pressure (TMP), model foulant experiments and a fixed volume flow (section 5.2.3). Further characterisation is done by contact angle, SEM, AFM (section 5.2.5 to 5.2.7). The prepared PBM membranes are foreseen to be finally applied for model textile dye wastewater treatment by Membrane BioReactor (MBR) technology. According to the previous results of Deowan et al. (2016) higher permeate quality through increased COD, TOC, dyestuffs removal efficiency and stronger anti-fouling properties are expected. Consequently, lower operation/maintenance costs due to reduced necessary aeration for scouring purposes and reduced membrane cleaning cycles as well as less membrane replacement are of special interest for commercial applications. In the previous work of Deowan et al. (2016) a lab scaled MBR with a single membrane housing was used. As of the biocenosis of the bacteria inside the reactor tank, a comparison of the membrane performance of the PBM and commercial membrane is difficult to achieve. Therefore an existing MBR system was redesigned to allow the simultaneous run of a commercial and a PBM coated membrane (section 4.1). As the revamp requires also additional sensors, the data acquisition needs to be adapted as well. To assure the proper function of the MBR the system was running for long term with two commercial membranes using a model textile wastewater (see 5.3.2). Finally the PBM coated membrane was compared with a commercial one for their performance in the MBR. Initial experiments for the water permeability are done as preparation for future work (see 5.3.3).