Tesi di Dottorato

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Start date: 2010End date: 2016

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    GPER mediates the up-regulation of acid synthase (fasn) intuced by 17B-estradiol in cancer cell and in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)
    (2012-11-26) Santolla, Maria Francesca; Maggiolini, Marcello; Sisci, Diego
    Activation of lipid metabolism is an early event in carcinogenesis and a central hallmark of many tumors. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a key lipogenic enzyme catalyzing the terminal steps in the de novo biogenesis of fatty acids. In cancer cells, FASN may act as a metabolic oncogene given that it confers growth and survival advantages to these cells, whereas its inhibition effectively and selectively kills tumor cells. Hormones like estrogens and growth factors contribute to the transcriptional regulation of FASN expression also through the activation of downstream signaling and a crosstalk among diverse transduction pathways. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that 17β-estradiol (E2) and the selective GPER ligand G-1 regulate FASN expression and activity through the GPER-mediated signaling which involved the EGFR/ERK/c-fos/AP1 transduction pathway, as ascertained by using specific pharmacological inhibitors, performing gene-silencing experiments and ChiP assays in breast SkBr3, colorectal LoVo, hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cancer cells and breast cancerassociated fibroblasts (CAFs). In addition, the proliferative effects induced by E2 and G-1 in these cells involved FASN as the inhibitor of its activity, named cerulenin, abolished the growth response to both ligands. Our data suggest that GPER may be included among the transduction mediators involved by estrogens in regulating FASN expression and activity in cancer cells and CAFs that strongly contribute to cancer progression.
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    <> costruzione di possibili profili di sostenibilità applicati a scala di quartiere.
    (2013-11-29) Manfredi, Emilia; Pantano, Pietro; Rossi, Francesco
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    Preparation of modified α-amino acids, useful building blocks for peptide sinthesis
    (2010-12-15) De Marco, Rosalia; Liguori, Angelo; Gabriele, Bartolo
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    Metodi e tool per l'ottimizzazione della calibrazione e della validazione dei sistemi di controllo motore
    (2012-09-29) Guzzo, Alessandra; Rizzuti, Sergio; Bova, Sergio; Riegel, Alessandro
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    Modellazione di linguaggi naturali e artificiali attraverso la scienza delle reti
    (2012-12-17) Bertacchini, Francesca; Bilotta, Eleonora; Pantano, Pietro
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    TiO2 nanotubes in nanotechnologies
    (2010-12-14) Jimenez, Leticia; Versace, Carlo
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    Controllo ambientale. Campagne di monitoraggio atmosferico
    (2012-11-29) Gensini, Mario; De Cindio, Bruno; Perrone, Nicola; Sprovieri, Francesca
    La normativa ambientale riveste una importanza fondamentale per chi effettua ricerca in campo ambientale poiché, da un lato, definisce lo stato attuale ed i limiti vigenti; dall’altro, evidenzia proprio tali limiti e permette al ricercatore attento di intraprendere le necessarie azioni correttive affinché eventuali vuoti normativi possano essere colmati. L’analisi della normativa, lo studio delle tecniche analitiche per la determinazione degli inquinanti, l’analisi della strumentazione necessaria al monitoraggio dell’inquinamento atmosferico hanno mostrato che la ricerca in questo campo è molto vivace e si ha un continuo aggiornamento sia tecnico che normativo. I dati ambientali devono essere soprattutto dati di qualità ed implementare un processo sistemico di qualità, non può sicuramente essere un fatto episodico o di semplice attuazione. La ricerca di metodiche di analisi dei dati raccolti, di visualizzazione degli stessi dati sono punti fondamentali per una corretta comprensione delle dinamiche ambientali sia per il trasporto degli inquinanti che per la chimica degli stessi
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    Adsorption properties of carbon nanotubes and application of thermal desoprtion spectroscopy to ammonia and methane ices and zoisite
    (2010-12-14) Vasta, Roberta; Bonanno, Assunta; Falcone, Giovanni
    In this work we wanted to underline the importance of Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy and its applications to several branches of Physics. Temperature-programmed desorption techniques (TPD) are important to determinate kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of desorption processes and decomposition reactions. Knowledge of the nature of the desorption process is fundamental to understand the nature of the elementary chemical processes of adsorbates, as the energetics of bonding, the specification of the chemical nature of the bound species and the nature and magnitude of interactional effect between adsorbed species. We focused our attention on the applications of Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) to High-Energies Physics, Astrophysics and Geophysics; in fact this technique was used, respectively, to investigate the molecular hydrogen adsorption on carbon nanotubes, the effects of electron bombardment on ammonia and methane ices and changes of zoisite mineral after heating. The molecular hydrogen adsorption on carbon nanotubes was studied to find a possible solution to vacuum system problems of Large Hadron Collider (LHC); in fact, the circular path of photon beams produces synchrotron radiation which deteriorates LHC vacuum desorbing gas molecules from the ring walls. Among the desorbed species the most problematic to pump out is H2. Since LHC elements operate at low temperatures, a possible solution to vacuum problem is the installation of cryosorbent materials on the LHC walls. In this work we study the possibility to use carbon nanotubes as criosorbers in future accelerators. Our sample, furnished by Prof. Nagy group of Chemical Engineering Department of Calabria University, is constituted by MWNTs synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using C2H4 and subsequently purified. Our investigations confirm that the carbon nanotubes have a great adsorption capacity also at low temperatures both for H2 and noble gases as Kr; then we observed that H2 adsorption on CNT is described by a first kinetic-order, while Kr adsorption is characterized by a zero kinetic-order. By means of TDS we calculate the activation energy for H2 adsorption on carbon nanotubes and we found a value of about 3KJ/mol, perfectly coherent with theoretic one. Moreover, from a comparison between nanotubes and other carbon-based material (as charcoal), we noted that adsorption efficiency for CNT is almost an order of magnitude higher then charcoal. So carbon nanotubes are good candidates to cryosorbers in future accelerators. 2 As Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy application to Astrophysics we studied the effect of electron bombardment on ammonia and methane ices. The interstellar medium is composed for 99% by gas; molecules, atoms and radicals at gas state condense on dust grains surface of molecular clouds (at 10 K) creating an icy mantle with a thickness of 0.1 μm. The presence of ices is confirmed by IR spectroscopy of obscured stellar sources and in interstellar grains are localized solid mixture containing H2O, CO, CH4 and NH3. In these environments ices are subjected to chemical and physical processes, specifically to bombardment of photons and cosmic rays, with the consequent synthesis of new organic species In this work we conducted an investigation of the chemical processing of ammonia and methane ices subjected to energetic electrons. By Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy we verify the production of new organic species, after energetic irradiation in interstellar ices, as diazene (N2H2), ethane (C2H6) and acetylene (C2H2). Finally, in Geophysics and Petrology Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy can be used to study minerals chemical composition. Our interest was focused on zoisite and the sample investigated was furnished by prof. Ajò from “Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Surfaces” of CNR, in Padova. In this work we used TDS to investigate zoisite behaviour during heating form room temperature to 650oC and to understand if its modification into tanzanite variety after heating is due to structural changes or to a dehydration mechanism.
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    Critical properties of 2D Z(N) vector models for N > 4
    (2011-12-19) Cortese, Gennaro; Papa, A.; Falcone, G.
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